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Toll樣受體配體之炎癥小體誘導(dǎo)劑

2022-04-12
瀏覽次數(shù): 244

炎癥小體是一個(gè)多蛋白復(fù)合物,通常由NLR家族的成員之一,如NLRP3、NLRC4,與接頭蛋白ASC(包含CARD結(jié)構(gòu)域的凋亡相關(guān)斑點(diǎn)樣蛋白),以及Caspase-1前體蛋白這三種分子所組成。天然免疫細(xì)胞感受到細(xì)胞漿中的病原相關(guān)模式分子(PAMP)或危險(xiǎn)相關(guān)模式分子(DAMP)后,在其細(xì)胞漿內(nèi)開始組裝炎癥小體,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)炎癥因子IL-1?和IL-18的釋放,引起快速的炎癥相關(guān)細(xì)胞死亡,即pyrotosis。


研究最為廣泛的是NLRP3炎癥小體,它可以被很多刺激物誘導(dǎo)形成,包括危險(xiǎn)信號(如ATP)、結(jié)晶質(zhì)(如MSU)和微生物毒素(如尼日利亞菌素,即nigericin)。NLRC4(包含Caspase活化及募集結(jié)構(gòu)域的NLR4)/NAIP(神經(jīng)凋亡抑制性蛋白)炎癥小體是由Salmonella typhimurium(鼠傷寒沙門氏桿菌)、Pseudomonas aeruginosa(綠濃桿菌)等細(xì)菌的鞭毛蛋白釋放到細(xì)胞質(zhì)中所引起的。NRLP1炎癥小體則是由Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin(炭疽致死毒素)、Toxoplasma gondii(剛地弓形蟲)、muramyl dipeptide(胞壁酰雙肽)和宿主胞內(nèi)ATP耗盡等諸多刺激誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)Caspase-1的生成。


炎癥小體誘導(dǎo)劑相關(guān)產(chǎn)品:

PRODUCT

ORIGIN/DESCRIPTION

GRADE*

WORKING

CONCENTRATION

QTY

CATALOG

CODE

INFLAMMASOME INDUCERS

AIM2 Inflammasome Agonists

Poly(dA:dT) Naked

Poly(dA-dT)?poly(dT-dA)

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

10 ng/ml - 1 μg/ml

200 μg

1 mg

tlrl-patn

tlrl-patn-1

Poly(dA:dT)/LyoVec

Poly(dA-dT)?poly(dT-dA)/LyoVec? complexes

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

10 ng - 10 μg/ml

100 μg

tlrl-patc

Poly(dA:dT)/Rhodamine

Rhodamine labeled poly(dA-dT)?poly(dT-dA)

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

100 ng - 10 μg/ml

10 μg

tlrl-patrh

?

PRR Ligands

?

PRODUCT

ORIGIN/DESCRIPTION

GRADE*

WORKING

CONCENTRATION

QTY

CATALOG

CODE

NLRP1 Inflammasome Inducers

L18-MDP

Muramyldipeptide with a C18 fatty acid chain

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

1 - 100 ng/ml

1 mg

tlrl-lmdp

MDP

Muramyldipeptide (L-D isoform, active)

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

10 ng - 10 μg/ml

5 mg

tlrl-mdp

NLRP3 Inflammasome Inducers

Alum Crystals

Aluminium potassium sulfate

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

10 - 200 μg/ml

1 g

tlrl-alk

ATP

Adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium salt

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

5 mM

1 g

tlrl-atpl

CPPD Crystals

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

1 - 50 μg/ml

5 mg

tlrl-cppd

Hemozoin

Synthetic heme crystal

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

50 - 400 μg/ml

5 mg

tlrl-hz

MSU Crystals

Monosodium urate (uric acid)

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

50 - 200 μg/ml

5 mg

25 mg

tlrl-msu

tlrl-msu-25

Nano-SiO2

Nanoparticles of silica dioxide

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

10 - 200 μg/ml

10 mg

tlrl-sio

Nigericin

Nigericin, sodium salt

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

1 μM

10 mg

50 mg

tlrl-nig

tlrl-nig-5

TDB

Synthetic analog of the cord factor

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

1 - 100 μg/ml

2 mg

tlrl-tdb

Non-canonical Inflammasome Inducers

E. coli OMVs??????????? ?NEW??????????

Purified outer membrane vesicles from E. coli BL21

TLR2 +/ TLR4 +

0.2-100 μg/ml

100 μg

tlrl-omv-1

E. coli OMVs InvivoFit?? NEW

Sterile grade of outer membrane vesicles from E. coli

TLR2 +/ TLR4 +

10-100 μg/mouse

500 μg

tlrl-omv

Curdlan

Beta-1,3-glucan from Alcaligenes faecalis

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

0.1 - 100 μg/ml

1 g

tlrl-curd

HKCA

Heat-killed Candida albicans

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

108 cells/ml

109 cells

tlrl-hkca

Pustulan

Beta-glucan from Lasallia pustulata

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

0.1 - 100 μg/ml

100 mg

tlrl-pst

Zymosan Depleted

Hot alkali treated zymosan

TLR2 -/ TLR4 -

100 μg/ml

10 mg

tlrl-zyd



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